Understanding the Numbering System
The AWS electrode classification tells you everything you need to know about a stick rod. Take E7018: E = electrode, 70 = 70,000 PSI tensile strength, 1 = all-position, 8 = coating type and current requirements.
E6010 — The Pipeline Rod
E6010 is a DC+ (DCEP) electrode with a cellulosic coating. It runs hot, penetrates deep, and produces a fast-freezing slag that lets you weld in any position including vertical down. It's the go-to rod for pipeline welding and root passes.
Best for: Root passes, dirty or rusty metal, pipeline, vertical down
Requires: DC+ only — won't run on AC
Technique: Keep a short arc. This rod doesn't like being held far from the puddle.
E6011 — The AC Alternative
E6011 does most of what E6010 does but runs on AC as well as DC. If you have an older transformer-style welder, this is your rod. Penetration and strength are similar to 6010, but the arc is slightly softer.
Best for: Rusty or coated metal, AC machines, field repairs
Requires: AC or DC+
E7018 — The Low-Hydrogen Rod
E7018 is a low-hydrogen electrode with an iron powder coating. It produces beautiful, smooth beads with minimal spatter and excellent mechanical properties. The trade-off: it must be kept dry. Moisture in the coating causes hydrogen-induced cracking.
Best for: Structural steel, high-strength applications, fill and cap passes
Requires: DC+ (preferred) or AC. Store in a rod oven at 250–300°F.
Technique: Run with a slight drag angle and a short arc for best results.
Quick Selection Guide
- Rusty or dirty metal in the field: E6010 or E6011
- AC machine only: E6011 or E7018 (AC rated)
- Structural or high-strength welds: E7018
- Root pass on pipe: E6010
- Fill and cap passes: E7018
Storage Matters
E6010 and E6011 don't care much about moisture. E7018 does — even a few hours in humid air can cause porosity and potential cracking. Keep them in a rod oven or at minimum a sealed container with desiccant.